The Woman Behind the Discovery That Forever Changed the Universe

Henrietta Swan Leavitt (1868-1921)Cepheus. Leavitt became an accomplished variable
The discovery that forever changed our universestar hunter, cataloguing 2,400 such stars during the
came from a deaf American woman born on the 4thcourse of her work - more than half the total known
of July in 1868. Shortly after her graduation from whatat the time.
we now call Radcliffe, an illness caused HenriettaIn analyzing the plates, Leavitt began to notice the
Swan Leavitt to lose her hearing. The Harvard Collegebrighter Cepheids exhibited a longer period of variability.
Observatory eventually hired her as a humanFour years later, after further analysis, she surmised
"computer." Her job: review the hordes of glassthe brightness of Cepheid Variables had a direct
photographic plates and calculate the brightness of therelationship with their period of variability. She deduced
stars in them. While reviewing a study of variable starsthis relationship because all the stars in the Magellanic
in the Large and Small Magellanic Clouds (small satelliteClouds have the same distance from Earth. Since their
galaxies orbiting our own Milky Way) she developed adistance is known to be constant, their relative
fondness for the many Cepheid Variable stars withinbrightness can be directly compared. She published her
those two galaxies. A Cepheid Variable star dims andresults in 1912. Unknown to all at the time, her discovery
brightens over a regular period, so named because, inwould forever change our understanding of the
1784, John Goodricke identified the first such exampleuniverse.
with the star δ Cephei in the constellation